Overview
Zaoyuan Revolutionary Site was the location of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee in October 1943 to March 1947. In October 1943, the Central Secretariat members moved successively from Yangjialing to here to keep leading the Party rectification movement and the great production campaign in the liberated area. They prepared the 7th National Congress of the CPC and realized the historical transition from anti-Japanese national war to the national liberation war, which made full preparation for crushing the "Comprehensive Civil War" launched by the Kuomintang (KMT); Zaoyuan, also named Yanyuan, is a place with lush trees and green grass, where the "Happy Canal" is flowing across the garden. In the middle of the garden, the auditorium of the Central Secretariat is located. Along the mountain, there are five separate courtyards which were the former residence of Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi, Ren Bishi, Zhang Wentian, Peng Dehuai and other central leaders; On the foot of the west mountain in the Hougou, there is the speech platform where Mao Zedong gave a lecture of Serve the People, and also the former site of the Central Social Ministry; Three kilmeters away to the west, there is the former site of the Third Bureau of the CMC, the exhibition hall and the martyrs cemetery of the Third Bureau of the CMC; Since the year of 1953, the Zaoyuan Revolutionary Site has began to be restored and it was officially opened to the public in 1959; On March 4,1961, the State Council announced it as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units. In 1996, it was named as one of the 100 National Patriotism Education Demonstration Bases by the Publicity Department of the CPC Central Committee.
Auditorium of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee: Zaoyuan covers an area of more than 540,000 square meters. In the central committee of the garden, there is the small auditorium of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee, where the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee made the decision of dispatching Mao Zedong go to Chongqing for negotiations. On the slopes along the mountain, there are the former residences of Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai, Ren Bishi, Zhang Wentian and other central leaders. On the foot of the west mountain in the Hougou, there is the speech platform where Mao Zedong gave a lecture of Serve the People, and also the former site of the Central Social Ministry.
Small Suzhou-styleauditorium: There is a small Suzhou-style auditorium in Zaoyuan, The surroundings are open and full of green grass. In addition to the meeting room function, it was also the restaurant of the Secretary of the Central Committee, and dancing party and movies were also held here. In 1945, the decision that Mao Zedong accepted Chiang Kai-shek’s invitation to Chongqing for negotiation was made at the politburo expanded meeting held here.
Confidential Room: In the opposite of the small auditorium, there is a smaller house which looks similar. That is the confidential room, where many important telegraph were sent and received, with the function of management of some spy personnel. Some rooms were displayed with original status, and other rooms were open up for the exhibition rooms where the development of our Party confidential works were recorded with photos and objects.
Residential Area: Before entering the leaders residential area, you can see the the bronze statues of the five secretaries (Ren Bishi, Zhou Enlai, Mao Zedong, Liu Shaoqi, Zhu De) of the Central Committee striding together, lifelike and vivid. Through that, you can see the weather that day was good when the five persons were showing radiant appearance to reveal the joy of establishing new China.
Xingfuqu (Happy Canal): Xingfuqu is located on the right side against the hill in the Zaoyuan courtyard, flowing through the middle of the courtyard. The canal is 6 kilometers long and it was built in April 1940, with a capability of more than 80 hectares of irrigation. This canal turned the dry land in Zaoyuan-land into irrigated land, with abundant crops year after year, so the masses named it "Happy Canal".
Cave Dwellings: The cave dwellings where the leaders lived are similar to the other two former revolutionary sites, but the cave buildings here are better. The cave dwellings in Zaoyuan are roughly divided into three steps with a delicate arrangement, scattering throughout the whole garden. The cave dwellings here are relatively complete, that is, all the cave dwellings where the five Party secretaries and several other central leaders had lived are here. In the cave dwellings, the precious photos of themselves or their spouses are displayed.
The Zaoyuan Revolutionary Site was the location of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee from October 1943 to March 1947. The CPC Central Committee led the famous rectification movement and the Great Production Campaign, and prepared the 7th National Congress of the CPC to lead the national army and people to get the final victory of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, fully prepared for crushing the all-out civil war of the Kuomintang reactionaries; The important speech Serve the People was made here; The four seasons here are with beautiful scenery and quiet environment; In 1996, the "Fire of Revolution" fire collection ceremony of the "Fire of the Century" torch relay activity of the 5th National University Games was greatly held in Zaoyuan. The Zaoyuan Revolutionary Site was one of the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units announced by the State Council, and also one of the 100 National Patriotic Education Demonstration Bases.
Historical Story
Mao Zedong moved to Zaoyuan
In October 1943, for the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee prepared for the "7th National Congress" in Zaoyuan, many problems needed to be dealt by Mao Zedong in person. Because Yangjialing was a little far from Zaoyuan, in order to avoid the hard trip on the road and to seize the time, Mao Zedong moved to Zaoyuan with the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee. During the lifetime of Mao Zedong in Zaoyuan, it was the right transition period from the Agrarian Revolution to the War of Anti-Japanese Aggression. Mao Zedong studied China's military theory and warfare theory with great energy. He used philosophical thinking to deeply analyze and summarize the characteristics of the Chinese revolutionary war, the strategy and tactics of the Chinese revolutionary war, the Chinese revolutionary bases, the national conditions of the war between China and Japan, the military history of the KMT and CPC and other major issues. He wrote The Strategic Issues of Chinese Revolution, The Strategic Issues of Anti-Japanese Guerrilla War, On the Protracted War, Issues of Warfare and Strategy and other works, which laid the theoretical foundation for the victory of the Anti-Japanese War.
Mao Zedong met with Hurley and Boulder
In November 1944, Mao Zedong met with Hurley, the personal representative of for the former US President Roosevelt, served as the US Ambassador in China. They had been talking for two days and two nights, and they signed the five suggestions on the establishment of the joint government proposed by the Communist Party to the National Government. In December, Mao Zedong met with Boulder, an officer of the US Ambassador in China at his residence, and strongly refuted the KMT's three proposals.