Overview
Yangjialing is located about 2.5 km away in the northwest of Yan'an City. The original name was known as Wujiapo, where only lived with five families with surname of Yang, Wu, Zheng, etc. In the Ming Dynasty, a great official in the court came out from the Yang’s family, His son named Yang Zhao was outstanding both in talent and virtue. His position was appointed to officials of the Military Ministry and the Industry Ministry and got high praise from the Emperor. After his death, a cemetery of 10 mu was built in front of the mountain, thus the name of the village was changed to “杨家陵 (Yangjialing, also Yang’s Mausoleum)”; After the CPC Central Committee moved here, the character “陵(Ling/Mausoleum)” was changed to “岭(Ling/Ridge)”. On November 20,1938, the Japanese aircraft bombed the city of Yan'an, and the CPC Central Committee moved here from the foot of the Fenghuang Mountain that night. At that time, the institutions located here include: the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee, General Office, Organization Department, Publicity Department, Political Research Office, Financial and Economic Committee, Staff Committee, Youth Working Committee, Women's Working Committee, etc.; Mao Zedong, Zhang Wentian, Zhu De, Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi, Ren Bishi, Chen Yun and other leading comrades had lived here; In March, 1947, when Hu Zongnan's army invaded Yan' an, the Central organs in Yangjialing evacuated from Yan'an; The CPC Central Committee held the famous Yan'an Forum on Literature and Art, the 7th Plenary Session of the 6th Central Committee and the 7th National Congress of the Communist Party of China successively, and carried out the whole Party rectification campaign; The policy of a better troops and simpler administration was implemented and a mass production campaign was launched, which defeated the three anti-communist climax launched by the Kuomintang diehards and won the final victory of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression; In March, 1947, after the Hu Zongnan’s army of the Kuomintang Party took up Yan'an, the buildings here were badly damaged. It was repaired after 1953 and officially opened to the public in 1959; At present, there are the former residence of Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, Liu Shaoqi, Chen Yun and the former sites of the CPC Central Committee auditorium, the General Office of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee, the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee, the Publicity Department, and the United Front Work Department are open for visiting.
Yangjialing Revolutionary Site is divided into two parts as north and south by Yangjialing Road. In the south, there is the Central Auditorium which was meeting site of the 7th National Congress of the CPC, and in the north, there are the former residences of Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Zhou Enlai and Liu Shaoqi. The Central Auditorium, until the reform and opening up, had been the most luxurious building in Yan'an. The auditorium was converted from Christ Church with the integral grayish yellow brick walls and blue panes, plain and solemn.
In addition, you can also visit Chairman Mao's vegetable garden in the Yangjialing site and the former central reception hotel.
On November 20,1938, the Japanese aircraft bombed the city of Yan'an, and the CPC Central Committee moved here from the foot of the Fenghuang Mountain that night. Mao Zedong, Zhang Wentian, Zhu De, Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi, Ren Bishi, Chen Yun and other leading comrades had lived here; In March, 1947, when Hu Zongnan's army invaded Yan'an, the Central organs in Yangjialing evacuated from Yan'an; The CPC Central Committee held the famous Yan'an Forum on Literature and Art, the 7th Plenary Session of the 6th Central Committee and the 7th National Congress of the Communist Party of China successively here. The whole Party rectification campaign was carried out, implemented the policy of a better troops and simpler administration, and carried out the mass production campaign; The CPC Central Committee defeated the three anti-communist climax launched by the Kuomintang diehards and won the final victory of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression; The performance of songs and dances by actors from northern Shaanxi can often be seen here, while you can also have a rest in a special cave hotel at night.
Historical story:
On the way to the Party School of the CPC Central Committee, Zhou Enlai’s right arm was permanently disabled due to an accident.
In July 1939, Zhou Enlai set out from Yangjialing and went to the Party School of the CPC Central Committee to give a report. On the way, he fell off a horse to the rock and fractured his right arm. Due to the poor treatment conditions at that time, he had a lifelong disability with his right arm which could only bend 60 degrees.
Mao Zedong put forward the famous conclusion that "All the reactionaries are the Papertiger"
In August 1946, Mao Zedong met with the American journalist Anna Louise Strong at a small stone table in front of the Yangjialing cave dwelling. In view of the popular phenomenon of "America phobia", Mao Zedong put forward the famous conclusion that "All the reactionaries are the Papertiger".
Wedding dinner
One evening in early September 1939, Mao Zedong and his wife Jiang Qing, Liu Shaoqi and Zhang Wentian held a wedding dinner for Deng Xiaoping and Zhuo Lin, Kong Yuan and Xu Ming in front of the cave dwelling.